wealthiest nation, 975 billionaires, $4.45tn wealth. Top rich unaffected by pandemic, doubled wealth, surpassed bottom 50% ($2.62tn). CA key hub.
China's booming economy has led to a surge in billionaires, particularly in Hong Kong, but limited diversification hampers long-term growth.
176 billionaires, 1.6 million millionaires, thanks to high GDP and pandemic-saving habits.
India's billionaires doubled wealth, worsening inequality. Taxing top billionaires' gains could fund education and employment. Crisis persists.
UK's wealthiest people include Ratcliffe and Platt. Some billionaires left. London attracts rich individuals, including Indian fugitives, due to lax regulations and tax benefits.
diverse origins, wealth from finance, industry, and luxury. Immigration, taxation, and Swiss-made products attract the rich.
Russia's billionaires gained wealth during the pandemic but face grim prospects due to sanctions and geopolitical tensions.
Oil price reversal in 2018 hit Middle East billionaires hard. Saudi Arabia saw wealth decline but retained ninth place. Corruption cases shook wealthy elite.
France and Italy have 68 billionaires each, with France leading in wealth. Luxury brands drive the French economy, while Italy sees rich brand owners.
COVID worsened wealth inequality, with Canadian billionaires' assets growing 51%. Global billionaires gained double the world's wealth in 2 years. Millions suffer while a few prosper.